Bell/CCITT/ITU-T Standards

　　Bell,CCITT, and ITU-T have created standards for modulation, data transfer, and data compression protocols. In the early days of modems, Bell created modulation standards, such as Bell 103 and Bell 212A, for the United States. The CCITT made international standards. The CCITT later became the ITU-T, or International Telecommunications Union Telecommunication Standardization Sector. Standards beginning with V. are CCITT/ITU-T standards.